The development history of 4G5G lifting mobile communication technology

Time：2021-01-04 View：

Fourth generation
The fourth generation mobile communication system (4G) is a technical product that integrates 3G and WLAN and can transmit high-quality video images and the image transmission quality is comparable to that of high definition television. The 4G system can download at a speed of 100Mbps, which is 2,000 times faster than dial-up Internet access. The upload speed can also reach 20Mbps, and can meet the requirements of almost all users for wireless services. In terms of the price that users pay most attention to, 4G is the same as fixed broadband network in terms of price, and the billing method is more flexible and flexible. Users can completely determine the required services according to their own needs. In addition, 4G can be deployed in places where DSL and cable TV modems are not covered, and then extended to the entire region. Obviously, 4G has incomparable advantages.
The network structure of 4G mobile system can be divided into three layers: physical network layer, intermediate environment layer and application network layer. The physical network layer provides access and route selection functions, which are completed by the combined format of wireless and core networks. The functions of the intermediate environment layer include QoS mapping, address transformation, and completeness management. The interface between the physical network layer, the intermediate environment layer and its application environment is open, which makes it easier to develop and provide new applications and services, and provides seamless wireless services with high data rate, and operates in multiple frequency bands. This service can adapt to multiple wireless standards and multi-mode terminal capabilities, span multiple operators and services, and provide a wide range of services. The key technologies of the fourth generation mobile communication system include channel transmission; High-speed access technology, modulation and information transmission technology with strong anti-interference; Adaptive array smart antenna with high performance, miniaturization and low cost; Large capacity, low-cost wireless interface and optical interface; System management resources; Software radio, network structure protocol, etc. The fourth generation mobile communication system mainly takes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) as the technical core. The characteristics of the OFDM technology are that the network structure is highly scalable, has good anti-noise performance and multi-channel interference resistance, and can provide higher quality of wireless data technology (high speed and small delay) the service and better performance-price ratio can provide better solutions for 4G wireless networks. For example, wireless area loop (WLL) and digital audio broadcasting (DAB) are all expected to adopt the OFDM technology. 4G mobile communication provides a technical response to the requirements of accelerating the growth of broadband wireless connection, and provides a technical response to cross-public and dedicated, A variety of indoor and outdoor wireless systems and networks ensure seamless service. By providing the best service required by users for the most suitable available network, it can cope with the expected growth based on Internet communication, add new frequency bands, and greatly expand spectrum resources, provides different types of communication interfaces, The network architecture based on routing technology is used, and the hardware architecture is developed by Fu Liye transformation to realize the fourth generation network architecture. Mobile communication will develop towards data, high speed, broadband and higher frequency band. Mobile data and mobile IP are expected to become the mainstream services of mobile networks in the future.

Fifth generation
The fifth generation mobile communication system (5G) is generally the fifth generation mobile communication technology, but different from 4G, 3G and 2G, 5G is not independent, the new wireless access technology is the evolution of the existing wireless access technologies (including 2G, 3G, 4G and WiFi), and some new complementary solutions after wireless access technology integration. To some extent, 5G will be a real convergence network. To provide high-speed, safe and free communication between people, people and things, and things with a unified standard.
Like the early 2G, 3G and 4G mobile networks, 5G networks are digital cellular networks. In this network, the service areas covered by suppliers are divided into many small geographic areas called cellular. Analog signals representing sound and images are digitized in mobile phones, converted by analog-to-digital converters and transmitted as bit streams. All 5G wireless devices in the cell communicate with the local antenna array and low power automatic transceiver (transmitter and receiver) in the cell through radio waves. The transceiver allocates channels from the common frequency pool, which can be reused in geographically separated cells. The local antenna is connected to the telephone network and the Internet through high-bandwidth optical fiber or wireless backhaul connection. Like existing mobile phones, when users travel from one cell to another, their mobile devices will automatically "switch" to the antenna in the new cell.
The main advantage of 5G network is that the data transmission rate is much higher than the previous cellular network, up to 10Gbit/s, faster than the current wired Internet, it is 100 times faster than the previous 4G LTE cellular network. Another advantage is lower network latency (faster response time), less than 1 millisecond, while 4G is 30-70 milliseconds. Due to faster data transmission, 5G network will not only provide services for mobile phones, but also become a general home and office network provider, competing with cable network providers. Previously, cellular networks provided low data rate Internet access suitable for mobile phones, but a mobile phone tower could not economically provide enough bandwidth as a general internet provider for home computers.
On June 6, 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially issued 5G commercial licenses to China Telecom, China Mobile, China Unicom and China Radio and Television. China officially entered the first year of 5G commercial use.
On September 10, 2019, Huawei Corporation of China released the white paper on 5G application position at the 2019 World Telecommunication Exhibition of the International Telecommunication Union held in Budapest, looking forward to the application scenarios of 5G in many fields, it also calls on global industry organizations and regulators to actively promote standard coordination and spectrum in place to provide good resource guarantee and business environment for 5G commercial deployment and application.
In October, 2019, 5G base station access to the network was officially approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology switching off. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the first domestic 5G radio communication equipment access license, marking that 5G base station equipment will be officially connected to the public telecommunications commercial network. Operators are expected to announce their 5G package prices on October 31 and officially implement the 5G package on November 1.