Structure of removable mobile communication cabin base station

Time：2020-08-21 View：

I. Overview
Through the construction of a large number of mobile communication cabin base stations, all mobile operators have accumulated rich experience in the construction of data centers, but no unified plan has been formed, nor has a professional integrated solution been formed. However, the data center and all kinds of power and monitoring equipment are not independent in the whole base station system and have very close interaction with each other, their good interconnection and interaction are the key to provide uninterrupted, high-quality and reliable AC and DC power for the base station of the mobile communication cabin, and directly affect the later system maintenance and management work. In view of this, ZTE has launched an integrated solution for the construction of mobile communication cabin base stations.

II. mobile communication cabin base station integrated solution structure

 

1. Removable communication cabin base station
The cabin has flexible transportability and adaptability to the harsh environment in the field. It was mainly used for military equipment when it first appeared. With the rapid development of communication, cabins are gradually applied in mobile communication and other fields. The detachable communication cabin base station is directly used outdoors without the need to build a fixed machine room. It has flexible relocation, convenient transportation, rapid construction and beautiful appearance, and can adapt to various climatic conditions, it can greatly reduce the cost of computer room construction and maintenance, shorten the network construction period, and is an ideal choice for mobile communication network construction when applied to mobile communication cabin base stations.

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of square cabin mobile communication base station

As the cabin in the integrated system of the base station of the mobile communication cabin, the integrated design includes integrated ancillary facilities and external interfaces. Ancillary facilities include ventilation fan set, indoor distribution frame, wiring slot, centralized grounding row, lighting, fire fighting, etc. External interfaces include antenna feeder cable interface, Abis interface, AC power input, solar power supply input (when configuration is required), grounding system introduction, new air outlet, air conditioning an outdoor unit interface and power environment monitoring interface.
The size of a detachable cabin which is typically applied to the base station of mobile communication cabin is 4m × 3m × 2.7m (length × width × height).

 

2. Power distribution system
The power distribution system mainly includes AC stabilized power supply, multi-channel AC input switching and AC power distribution. Under the condition of poor quality of mains supply, ac stabilized power supply is configured. If the voltage variation range of mains supply exceeds 220V ± 20% for single phase or 380V ± 20% for three phase, using AC stabilized power supply can effectively improve the quality of AC input. AC power input switching device is generally configured when there is emergency AC input (such as diesel generator), according to different requirements can choose automatic switching or manual switching mode. The distribution part of AC power mainly includes high frequency switching power shunt, air conditioner shunt, lighting shunt and standby socket shunt, etc.

Figure 2 power distribution system

The capacity selection basis of AC stabilized power supply mainly considers the high frequency switching power and the maximum input power of air conditioner and multiplies by the safety factor of 1.5~2.

 

3. AC uninterrupted power supply system
The AC uninterrupted power supply scheme adopts diesel generator emergency power supply, and some equipment that must have high reliability, pure and stable AC input requirements (such as satellite receiver transmitter using satellite transmission) it is also necessary to use UPS or power inverter with appropriate capacity for power supply. According to the needs, diesel generators can choose fixed installation type (need to add diesel generator machine room), outdoor type or vehicle-mounted mobile type (multiple communication base station circuit sharing).

Figure 3 AC uninterrupted power supply system

The selection basis of diesel generator capacity is basically the same as AC stabilized power supply, but the power supply capacity of air conditioner can be ignored according to the specific situation.

 

4. DC uninterrupted power supply system
In order to ensure the safe operation of mobile communication cabin base station receiving and transmitting station and other equipment, DC power supply system must be uninterrupted, requiring high-reliability high-frequency switching power and high-performance battery pack with appropriate capacity. High frequency switching power is composed of single switching rectifier module with a certain capacity according to N +1 hot backup mode, and intelligent control and management of charging and discharging process of battery pack should be carried out. One or two groups of maintenance-free valve-controlled sealed lead-acid batteries are selected for the battery pack, and 2V or 12V battery units can be selected according to the capacity. Comparatively speaking, the performance of 2V battery monomer is better than other series, so 2V battery monomer is chosen when conditions permit.

Figure 4 DC uninterrupted power supply system

The high frequency switching power and the capacity calculation of the storage battery are closely matched with each other. Firstly, the total capacity of the storage battery is estimated according to the total current of DC load and the time required for continuous power supply of the storage battery, when the total capacity of the storage battery is large, divide it into two groups as far as possible to improve the reliability of the system, and then select the appropriate series of high frequency switching power from the sum of the maximum charging current required by the storage battery and the total load current, the number of single switch Rectifier Modules is determined according to the principle of N +1 hot backup.

 

5. Room environment air conditioning system
The requirements of the mobile communication base station on the air environment quality can be lower than that of the exchange center machine room. The general comfort air conditioner adapted to the communication system is adopted, and the operation is controlled according to the combination of 1+1 backup and time-sharing rotation, and carry out linkage control of fire fighting equipment and air conditioning system. When the input of alternating current cannot be fully guaranteed, it should be combined with the control of the direct current ventilation ventilator in the cabin to ensure the emergency ventilation and heat dissipation when the alternating current is cut off for a long time.

Figure 5 Schematic diagram of ambient air conditioning in communication base station room

The capacity selection of the air conditioner is based on the air exchange calculation and the heat load calculation of the machine room. The ventilation volume is determined by the volume of the machine room and the number of air circulation per hour. The thermal load of the machine room includes two aspects: the thermal load of the building structure and the thermal load of the equipment. The thermal load of the equipment room is generally calculated according to the geographical location, climatic conditions, architectural design structure, equipment type, quantity, efficiency and other conditions of the base station by using empirical data method.